雅思笔记

1、不要再用 more and more了；该词组被评为中国恶俗词组榜第一！！老师说。。可以用a growing number of..

2、inevitable。。不可避免。。

3、should/would/could/may/might；为什么要用这个5个词？首先，语气比较委婉，不会很肯定，显的谦虚；其次，可以不考虑动词的形式；所以这五个词被称为最贱的词。。

4、physically beneficial身体健康；副词+形容词的表达方式，比较好看，接下来也会有举例；

5、worldwide/globly/internationally famous 举世闻名

6、科技类作文；科技发展。。outline

FOR：

Convenient&efficient 方便、高效

Enrich lifestyle 丰富生活

Environmentlly friendly（副词修饰形容词） 绿色环保

AGAINST：

Physically harmful/detrimental 危害健康

Negative impact on the youth 危害青少年

Insecurity of information 信息不安全

7、开头方法一：

Background

Con troversy (2 different/opposite ideas)

As/Being a controversial issue，。。。。。作为有争议的问题。。。。

Now days， the issue on。。。is highly debatable， and ideas vary from person to person。不同的人有不同的观点。（不要用different people 。。。。）

Some would claim 。。。。，while some others may suggest。。。一些人认为。。另一些人认为。。

Some would claim。。。，while the idea。。。is still held by some others。Idea倒装，句子更好看。不能用some。。the other。。这样只有两种可能性，太绝对。。

8、5个常用单词的替代

F Think → claim / suggest / believe / advocate / maintain / suppose

F Good → beneficial / profitable / helpful / sound / decent / positive

F Bad → harmful / detrimental / hazardous / negative

F Advantage → merit / virtue / benefit / profit / pro

F Disadvantage → demerit / drawback / flaw / shortcoming / con / cost

9、few 0-1 几乎没有

A few 一些，不多 <5

Several 若干 <10

10、赞成某个观点。。

As for me，I side with the fomer/latter

中立观点。。

As far as I am concerned， I believe both views have their own merits and con coexit

11、like a double-edged sword 双刃剑

12、。。。。can be neither absolutely perfect nor purely harmful

13、末段（总结）

All in all/to conclude/in conclusion/in general/ to sum up

F When all the above-mentioned factors are taken into consideration, a conclusion could be drawn that … (主要用来凑字数)

14、On one hand，。。。。contribute greatly to。。。

On the other hand/On the contrary/

15、in contrast，the demerits of。。。。can not be ignored.

16、To begin with/firstly/first and foremost/首先

Besides/in a addition/moreover/其次

Thirdly/furthermore/last but not least/最后

17、on-line community 在线社区。。用来表达校内等

19、alters=change

20、long time exposure before screen 久坐电脑前

21、nearsightedness近视眼

22、lead a sedentary life 过着宅的生活

23、curious,immature and naïve 很傻很天真

24、be indulged in 沉迷

25、pornography and violence 很黄很暴力

26、手机的优缺点

FOR：

Convenient & efficient

Enrich lifestyle

AGAINST:

Physically detrimental

Negative impact on the youth

Insecurity of information

科技类优缺点主要就是那么几点。。可以套。。

27、inadequate face to face communication 缺乏交流

28、better atmosphere 更好的氛围

29、飞机汽车类优缺点

FOR：

C&C

EL

Boost related industry 推动相关产业

AGAINST：

Deplete fuel resources worldwide 耗尽石油资源

Air pollution 空气污染

Help the spread of epidemics传播传染病（飞机）

Traffic jam/accident 交通拥挤/事故（汽车）

30、consume 消耗

Deplete 耗尽

Use up 用光。。比较口语

31、 globe village 地球村

32、 It is air traveling that makes the world a ‘global village’.倒装

33、Overseas traveling widens horizon and visualizes what is learnt in books.扩大视野

34、Sweeten your life.甜蜜你的生活！ 85°C

35、Besides, overseas shopping enables one to buy fashionable dresses and jewelries at a lower price.购物。。

36、tourism/tourist industry 旅游业

37、It is estimated that。。据估计。。

38、annually每年。。不是yearly。。

39、pose。。。threat to。。对。。构成威胁

40、tigger 诱发

41、conflict 冲突

42、A result in B 因A果B

C result from D 因D果C

43、CO2 carben(C)di(2)oxide(O)

SO2 sulfar(S)…..

44、one 的复数 ones

Everyone的复数ALL

45、A of B of C 核心为A

46、介词 with/like/because of +名词（组）

连词 as/because +句子

47、作文重点，其实就是不能重复；不要用一些恶俗的词。。people等；少用第一和第二人称；多变幻句式；少用主动句；注意符号；

转帖一
成功英语演讲的秘诀：开场白、结束语应对问题
-I will be pleased to answer any questions you may have at the end of the presentation.
-Please can you save your questions till the end.
-If you have any questions, I will be pleased to answer them at the end of thepresentation.
-there will be time at the end of the presentation to answer your questions-soplease feel free to ask me anything then.
-Don't hesitate to interrupt if you have a question.
-Please feel free to interrupt me at any time.
-Please stop me if you have any questions.
-If you need clarification on any point, you're welcome to ask questions at any time.
-Can I come back to that point later?
-I will be coming to that point in a minute.
-That's a tricky question.
-We will go into details later. But just to give you an idea of...
-I am afraid there's no easy answer to that one...
-Yes, that's a very good point.
-Perhaps we could leave that point until the questions at the end of the presentation
-I think I said that I would answer questions at the end of the presentation---perhaps you wouldn't mindwaiting until then.
-I think we have time for just one more question
欢迎听众(正式)
- Welcome to our company
- I am pleased to be able to welcome youto our company...
- I'd like to thank you for coming.
- May I take this opportunity of thanking you for coming
欢迎听众(非正式 )
- I'm glad you could all get here...
- I'm glad to see so many people here.
- It's GREat to be back here.
- Hello again everybody. Thank you for being on time/making the effort to come today.
- Welcome to X Part II.
受邀请在会议上致词
- I am delighted/pleased/glad to have theopportunity to present/of making this presentation...
- I am grateful for the opportunity to present...
- I'd like to thank you for inviting/asking me/giving me the chance to...
- Good morning/afternoon/evening ladies and gentleman
- It's my pleasant duty today to...
- I've been asked to...
告知演讲的话题
- the subject of my presentation is...
- I shall be speaking today about...
- My presentation concerns...
- Today's topic is...
- Today we are here to give a presentation on...
- Today we are here to talk about...Beforewe start, I'd like you meet my team members...
- A brief look at today's agenda...(告诉听众所讲内容的先后顺序)
- Before we start our presentation, let's take a brief look at the agenda...
- I shall be offering a brief analysis of...
- the main area that I intend to cover in this presentation is...
- Take a moment and think of...
- Thank you for giving me the opportunity to tell you about...
告诉听众发言的长度
- During the next ten minutes, I shall...
- I shall be speaking for about ten minutes...
- My presentation will last for about ten minutes...
- I won't take up more than ten minutes of your time...
- I don't intend to speak for longer than ten minutes...
- I know that time is short, so I intend to keep this brief
- I have a lot to cram in to the next ten minutes, so I'd better make a start...
引起听众的兴趣
- I'm going to be speaking about something that is vitally important to all of us.
- My presentation will help solve a problem that has puzzled people for years...
- At the end of this presentation you will understand why this company has been so successful for so long...
- I am going to be talking about a productthat could double your profit margins...
- the next ten minutes will change your attitude to sales and marketing...
- Over the next ten minutes you are goingto hear about something that will change the way your companies operate...
- By the end of this presentation you will know all there is to know about...
告诉听众内容要点
- there are five main aspects to this topic (...the first, ... the second, ...a third,...another, ... the final)
- I am going to examine these topics in the following order (...first, ...next, ...afterthat, ...finally)
- I've divided my talk into five parts...
- I will deal with these topics in chronological order...
- I'm going to start with a general overview and then focus on this particularproblem (...in general, ...more particularly).
- I want to start with this particular topic,and then draw some more general conclusions from it (...specifically, ... in a wider context).
- there are (a number of) factors that may affect...
- We have to take into account in any discussion of this subject, the following considerations.
- We all ought to be aware of the following points.
结束语
-In conclusion, I'd like to...
-I'd like to finish by...
-Finally...
-By way of conclusion...
-I hope I have made myself understood
-I hope you have found this useful
-I hope this has given you some idea/clear idea/an outline of...
-Let me end by saying...
-That, then was all I had to say on...
-That concludes our presentation...
-I hope I've managed to give you a clearer picture of...
-If there are any questions, I'd be delighted to...
-Thank you for your attention...
-Let's break for a coffee at this point
-I am afraid that the clock is against us, so we had better stop here
-You have been a very attentive audience---thank you
转自http://www.cc2z.cn/abc/html/kouyujicui/20070821/4.html
转帖二
做presentation，我们要注意对话题的准备以及态度和身体语言等等，除此之外，我们还应该掌握一些常用句型。
1. Right, let's get started.
2. Let me introduce myself.
3. I've divided my presentation into three main parts.
4. Just to give you a brief overview.
5. I'll be saying more about this in a minute.
6. I'm sure the implications of this are clear to all of us.
7. There's an important point to be made here.
8. OK, let's move on. (go on to make yournext point)
9. As you can see, the figures speak for themselves.
10. To go back to what I was saying earlier.
11. Are there any questions you'd like to ask at this point?
12. I'd like to look at this in more detail.
13. Let's put this into perspective. (to explain it this way)
14. Perhaps I should expand on that a little.
15. To digress for a moment? (to depart from your plan)
16. So, to sum up?
17. That brings me to the end of my talk.
18. Thank you. I'm sure you all have lots of questions.
转帖三
1.Greeting, name, position
Ladies and gentlemen. It’s an honor to have the opportunity to address such a distinguished audience.
Good morning. Let me start by saying justa few words about my own background. I started out in….
Good afternoon and thank you for making the effort to be here with us today.
Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. It’s a pleasure to be with you today.
2.Ttile/Subject
I’d like to talk(to you) about….
I’m going to present the recent…
                    explain our position on…
                    brief you on….
                    inform you about…
                    describe…
The subject/focus/topic of my presentation….
We are here today to decide…
                                    agree…
                                    learn about….
The purpose of this talk is to update you on
                                               put you inthe picture about…
                                               give you the background to…
3.Length
I shall only take …minutes of your time.
I plan to be brief.
This should only last …minutes.
4.Outline/Main parts
I’ve divided my presentation into four parts/sections. They are….
The subject can be looked at under the following headings:….
We can break this area down into the following fields:
First/First of all…
Secondly/then/next…
Thirdly/and then we come to…
Finally/lastly/last of all….
5.Questions
I’d be glad to answer any questions at the end of the my talk.
If you have any questions, please feel free to interrupt.
Please interrupt me if there’s something which needs clarifying. Otherwise, there’llbe time for discussion at the end
转帖四
  I. Opening Remarks开场： Sample Opening Remarks
1) Thank you very much, Prof. Fawcett, for your very kind introduction. Mr. Chairman, Ladies and gentleman, Good morning! I consider it a great honor to be asked to speak about …on this session of our symposium.
2) Ladies and gentleman. It’s an honor to have the opportunity to address such a distinguished audience.
3) Good morning. Let me start by saying just a few words about my own background.
4) Mr. Chairman, thank you very much foryour kind introduction. President, Distinguished colleagues, Ladies and gentleman, Good morning! Is my voice loud enough?
5) Good morning, everyone. I appreciate the opportunity to be with you today. I am here to talk to you about…
6) Good morning, everyone. I am very happy to have this chance to give my presentation. Before I start my speech, let me ask you a question. By a show of hands, how many of you own a car?
Expressing thanks to the Chairperson 向主持人致谢
Mr. Chairman, thank you for your introduction.
First, I would like to thank Mr. Chairman for his gracious introduction.
Thank you very much, Prof. Fawcett, for your very kind introduction.
I would like to thank Dr. Huang （主持人或推荐你来发言的上司）for permitting me the privilege to speak to this audience.
Forms of Address and Greetings对听众的称呼
Distinguished colleagues, Ladies and gentleman, Good morning!
Members of the conference!
Expressing Pleasure and Honor 向听众致意
I am very happy/glad/pleased to be here in Hong Kong.
I am honored/privileged to be here (with you this afternoon).
I am proud to be here on this special occasion.
It’s a very great pleasure for me to be able to attend this conference.
I consider it a great honor to be asked to speak about …on this session of our symposium/ at this conference..
It is a great pleasure to be given the honor of first speaker on this important topic.
Others 细节，如确认话筒音量
Can you hear me all right?
Is my voice too loud?
Reference to the Audience 与听众呼应
I can see many of you are from…department.
I know many of you are familiar with this topic.
You all look as though you’ve heard this before.
I understand that you’ve all traveled a long way./ After hours of conference, you must feel a little tired. Now I’d like you tosee an interesting topic…
II. Introducing the Subject and the outlineof the Presentation引入话题 Background Information
I would like to start by briefly reviewing the history of open heart surgery.
Let us start with the theoretical basis of this new technique.
To begin with, we have to consider the principle.
I think it would be best to start out by looking at a few slides.
I should like to preface my remarks with a de  script  ion of the basic idea.
May I begin with a general outline of thisproject?
The first thing I would like to talk about is the definition of the terms I shall use inmy lecture.
The first point I'd like to make is the historical background of the invention.
First, I shall explain to you why this new program is correct and feasible.
Topic
I would like to concentrate on theproblem Of antibiotic abuse in hospitals.
I shall devote my talk to the surgical treatment of coronary disease.
I want to confine my talk to the latest developments in civil engineering.
Today, I am going to give a talk on the application of computers in medicine.
My topic today will deal with the observation of supernova.
In today's talk, I' 11 restrict myself to theetiology of 15-epa~i;s.
In my presentation this morning, I' 11 limit myself to three major points only.
I take the liberty of restricting my discussion mainly to highway bridge construction.
Now, I would like to address myself to the most important aspect of this problem.
Among the many languages, I shall mention only BASIC.
What I am going to present today is the methodology and the data analysis.
I'm not going to say much about that except to discuss the literature on that topic.
Outlining
My talk today consists of two parts. One is... and the other is...
I've divided my presentation into four parts.
I shall first talk about ... and then touch on... and finally discuss ...
The subject can be looked at under the following headings: ... (Pointing to the PowerPoint display)
I would like to divide my talk into two parts. The first part deals with…, the second part concerns ...
My presentation will be given in four parts. The first part deals with ... The second part relates to... The third part concerns ... And the last part discusses…
Purpose/Objective
The purpose of this presentation is to...
This talk is designed to…
Comprehensive Samples
Sample 1
Thank you, Mr. Chairperson, Mr. Director-General, distinguished members of the ILO's Governing Body and friends. I welcome this opportunity to be here today, with an Organization which in many ways belongs to all of us workers. Ican think of, in fact, no other internationalbody that one can claim as one's own so unambiguously.
I have also had a longstanding formal association with the ILO. Many of my early pieces on women and technological change and on land rights were publishedby the ILO, as well as was the work of many other scholars. It is therefore a pleasure for me to be here on this important Symposium.
The canvas of the Symposium is very large. I will focus on two aspects of gender  inequality that centrally effect millions of women as workers but perhaps have failed to receive the attention they deserve. First, the gender gap in command over property and Productive assets and, second, gender biased social perceptions and social norms.
Sample 2
I learned last May that you have to be careful in speaking to a group of professional communicators. After I conducted a writer' s workshop at the Toronto Conference of the International Association of Business Communicators, Janine Lichaczwrote asked me to speak here tonight and used the communicationtechniques I had recommended. She evenincluded a footnote citing my lecture. I am susceptible to good communication and to flattery so I am pleased to be withyou to discuss your topic for the evening, the use of language in the art of speech writing.
I suppose we must begin by shaking our heads, woefully, over the sad state of language today, whether in formal speeches, casual conversation, or in writing. Most of us in this room no doubt agree with the generally negative tone of Time Magazine's year-end assessment which claims “our language has been besieged by vulgarities”. But to preserve our sanity as professionals in communication of us would probably join Time in optimistically expecting English somehow to   survive and even to prosper.
Expressions on Other Occasions
Correcting the Title of the Presentation
First of all, I would like to mention that the title of my presentation should be ...
Please allow me to correct a mistake in the title of my speech which appeared in the program. Instead of... it should read...
Reading. Another Person's Paper
Sometimes you are selected to read another person's paper, as he or she is absent.
I shall read a paper by Dr. Li from Guangzhou, china, who regrets that he could not be here. The title of his paper is...
I'm going to read the paper by Dr. Wang. It's a great pity that, because of a health problem, he could not be here.
I was asked by the author to read his paper. He apologizes for not being able tocome here.
The next speaker, Prof. Zhang, regrets that she could not be here and has submitted her paper to me. I am not sureif I can present it as well as she expected.
I am not sure whether I' 11 be able to be very confident in answering specific questions. However, I am somewhat familiar with his work, so I' 11 try my best.
Checking the Microphone
First I want to check if all of you can hearme clearly.
Am I speaking clearly and loudly enough for those in the rear of the room?
I wonder if those in the rear of the room can hear me.
If those in the rear of the room can hear me, would someone please raise his hand?
Can you hear me clearly?
Can you hear me if I am away from the microphone?
Is the microphone working?
* Summary-How to Prepare a Good Introduction
Realize file great importance of the introduction of file presentation mad then do your best in delivering it.
Don' t make file introduction either too wordy, or too brief. Usually, it covers 10 to 15 percent of your entire speech.
Select tile ways to capture the audience attention.
Indicate tile topic.
Outline your Speech.
Announce your purpose.
Prepare several versions of tile introduction, compare them, and then select the best version. Finally, learn it byheart so as to be able to deliver it easily mid fluently.
Don't start your speech with apologies.
Pay attention to your body language.
Chapter II Developing the Speech Text I. Announcing the Beginning of the Speech Text
To begin with, I would like to talk about aprinciple.
I think it would be best to start out by looking at some pictures.
The first thing I would like to talk about isthe definition of the terms which I’11 use in my presentation.
II. Shifting to the Next Main Point
Well, let's move on to the next point.
We will now come to the second problem.
Turning to the next question, I' 11 talk about the stages of the procedure.
As the second topic, I shall stop here. Now let' s turn our attention to the third topic.
So much for the methodology of our experiment. I would now like to shift to the discussion of the results.
Now, let's move away from the first part and switch over to the next part of my  presentation.
That's all for the introduction and now wecan go on to the literature review.
Next, I would like to turn to a more difficult problem.
The next point I'd like to talk about is the feasibility of this project.
That brings me to my second point.
I am glad that we can now leave this rather boring subject of mathematic deduction and go into a more attractive one, that is the application of the formula.
III. Resuming the Topic
Let' s come back to what I said in the first part of my speech.
Getting back to the subject of the problem of theoretical considerations we can find that...
I want to return to the first part of my presentation.
Now, to get back to the effect of temperature, you may be aware that the problems have been solved.
This brings me back to the question of security.
At this point I would like to refer again to the question of methods in the first part of my lecture.
Referring again to the first question, I think...
Referring to the Coming Point
I'll deal with it later.
I' 11 touch upon that point in a moment.
I shall tell you in detail shortly.
IV. Introducing the Supporting Materials
I think this part is the most difficult, so I'llexplain it in greater detail.
I think this part of my paper is most important, so I plan to spend more time on it.
Please allow me to deal with this matter more extensively.
Being the most important part of my presentation, I will elaborate on it with more slides.
I' 11 expand this topic with drawings and figures.
Indicating the Points Briefly
Limited by the time available, I can only give you a very brief account of this matter.
I don't think that I should describe the methods in detail, because they are included in the handout.
I will not go into detail on it.
This point has been talked about repeatedly in this symposium, so I am notgoing to spend too much time on it.
Let's go through the following points very rapidly.
I just want to outline for you what I experienced in using this new drug.
I shall not go over all these explanations. My time is running short. So I'’11 be brief.
It is sufficient to say that these experiments were poorly designed and without controls.
V. Repairing a Slip of Tone
The first of such experiments began in 2000, rather than 1999.
May I have the lights, I mean the slides.
The temperature increased, I shall say decreased.
The population is 13 million, sorry, 31 million.
The exchange rate dropped from 2.5 to 1.8, I beg your pardon, 1.9.
As you can see from the first row, excuseme, the second row, that the output increased two fold.
VI. Expressions Concerning Audio-Visual Aids
Could we have the lights off? And the firstslide, please.
Lights off, first slide, please.
Dim the lights, and first slide, please.
The slide is not so clear. Please darken the room a little more.
Could you please turn on the lights, please?
Now, we can have the lights on.
Please switch on the lights.
Lights on, please.
I apologize that this slide is not so clear, but I hope you can still make out the general idea.
Sorry for the small print.
I'm sorry we left a figure out here.
VI. Explaining the Contents on the Slides
This slide demonstrates ...
On this slide, you can see...
This curve in this slide shows...
This figure in this slide exhibits...
This table on this slide presents...
This diagram on this slide depicts...
This chart on this slide displaces ...
The picture on this slide shows ...
The photomicrograph on this slide shows...
The flow-chart on this slide points out...
The circuit diagram on this slide represents~...~
Indicating the Sources of the Content in a
This figure is taken from.., by Dr. Li.
This diagram is after that of Prof. Wang with some modification
VII. Demanding to Show the Next Slide
May I proceed to the next slide, please?
I think we can move on to the next slide.
Let me show you the next slide.
Now, we can go on to the next slide.               '
Next slide, please.
Next, please.
Next !